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KMID : 0869620150320020140
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Journal of Korean Society of Hospital Pharmacists
2015 Volume.32 No. 2 p.140 ~ p.146
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Caffeine Therapy in Preterm Infants
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An Sook-Hee
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Abstract
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Caffeine citrate is used as standard therapy for apnea of prematurity. The optimum dose and timing of caffeine therapy are controversial. The purpose of this article is to review therapeutic indications, influence on neonatal outcomes, and long-term effects of caffeine in preterm infants. Currently, the approved indications of caffeine citrate in Korea are the treatment of documented apnea and prevention of extubation failure. High doses of caffeine have been shown to improve acute outcomes such as a reduction in the frequency of apnea, days of documented apnea and extubation failure. Early caffeine therapy is associated with improvements in bronchopulmonary dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus. However, an increased incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates receiving early caffeine therapy was reported. Additional research is needed to evaluate the longterm effects associated with high doses of caffeine. The recommendation of early caffeine prophylaxis in preterm infants also requires further study.
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KEYWORD
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Apnea of prematurity, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Caffeine, Neonate, Patent ductus arteriosus
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